MasseyProduct - Maple Help
For the best experience, we recommend viewing online help using Google Chrome or Mozilla Firefox.

Online Help

All Products    Maple    MapleSim


LieAlgebras[MasseyProduct] - calculate the Massey product of a pair of forms

Calling Sequences

     MasseyProduct(α,β)

Parameters

      α    - a p-form defined on a Lie algebra 𝔤 with coefficients in 𝔤

      β     - a q-form defined on a Lie algebra 𝔤 with coefficients in 𝔤

 

Description

Examples

Description

• 

The Massey product of a pair of forms α ∈ Λ2𝔤, 𝔤 and β ∈ Λ2𝔤, 𝔤 is the 3-form α, β defined by

α, βx, y, z= αβx, y, z + αβz, x, y + αβy, z, x.

In general, if α ϵ Λp𝔤, 𝔤 and β ϵ Λq𝔤, 𝔤,then the Massey product is the p+q −1−form defined by

 

α,βx1, ... ,xp+q−1 = αβx1,...,xq,xq+1 ,... ,xq+p−1 + cyclic permutations.

 

• 

 The Massey product plays an important role in the construction of the deformations of a Lie algebra.

 

Examples

> 

with⁡DifferentialGeometry:with⁡LieAlgebras:

 

Example 1.

First initialize a Lie algebra from a list of structure equations.

 

> 

StrEq≔x2,x3=x1,x2,x5=x3,x4,x5=x4

StrEq:=x2,x3=x1,x2,x5=x3,x4,x5=x4

(2.1)
> 

LD≔LieAlgebraData⁡StrEq,x1,x2,x3,x4,x5,alg

LD:=e2,e3=e1,e2,e5=e3,e4,e5=e4

(2.2)
> 

DGsetup⁡LD

Lie algebra: alg

(2.3)

 

We define the adjoint representation and use this to construct the corresponding Lie algebra with coefficients.

alg > 

DGsetup⁡w1,w2,w3,w4,w5,V

frame name: V

(2.4)
alg > 

ρ≔Representation⁡alg,V,Adjoint⁡alg:

alg > 

DGsetup⁡alg,ρ,algV

Lie algebra with coefficients: algV

(2.5)

 

Here is a pair of 2-forms on algV and their Massey product.

alg > 

α≔evalDG⁡w1⁢θ1&wθ2

α:=w1⁢θ1⁢⋀⁢θ2

(2.6)
algV > 

β≔evalDG⁡w2⁢θ1&wθ4

β:=w2⁢θ1⁢⋀⁢θ4

(2.7)
algV > 

MasseyProduct⁡α,β

w2⁢θ1⁢⋀⁢θ2⁢⋀⁢θ4

(2.8)

 

Here is a pair of 3-forms on algV and their Massey product.

algV > 

α≔evalDG⁡w1⁢θ1&wθ2&wθ3

α:=w1⁢θ1⁢⋀⁢θ2⁢⋀⁢θ3

(2.9)
algV > 

β≔evalDG⁡w4⁢θ1&wθ4&wθ5

β:=w4⁢θ1⁢⋀⁢θ4⁢⋀⁢θ5

(2.10)
algV > 

MasseyProduct⁡α,β

w4⁢θ1⁢⋀⁢θ2⁢⋀⁢θ3⁢⋀⁢θ4⁢⋀⁢θ5

(2.11)

See Also

DifferentialGeometry

LieAlgebras

Adjoint

Cohomology

Deformation

Representation