CoRoot - Maple Help
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LieAlgebras[CoRoot] - find the coroot of a root vector for a semi-simple Lie algebra

Calling Sequences

     CoRoot(, CSA, option)

Parameters

             - a vector, defining a root vector for a semi-simple Lie algebra

     CSA      - a list of  vectors in a Lie algebra, defining a Cartan subalgebra

     option   - an  non-singular matrix, defining the restriction of the Killing form to the Cartan subalgebra

  

 

Description

Examples

Description

• 

 Let  be a semi-simple Lie algebra, a Cartan subalgebra, and the associated set of roots. Let be the Killing form. If then the coroot of  is the unique vector such that. Let  be a basis for and with inverse. Then , where .

• 

The calling sequence CoRoot(, CSA) returns the vector .

• 

In a situation involving repeated calls to CoRoot, efficiency can be dramatically improved by using the optional 3rd argument to specify the restriction of the Killing form.

Examples

 

Example 1.

We use the command SimpleLieAlgebraData to retrieve the structure equations for the rank 3 Lie algebra we initialize this algebra, and we calculate the coroots of several root vectors.

 

(2.1)

(2.2)

 

We obtain the Cartan subalgebra and the positive roots using SimpleLieAlgebraProperties

M > 

sl4 > 

(2.3)
sl4 > 

 

Calculate the coroot for the first root .

sl4 > 

sl4 > 

(2.4)

 

Calculate the coroot for the last root .

sl4 > 

sl4 > 

(2.5)

 

Example 2.

We repeat the calculation the first coroot from Example 1 using the optional calling sequence. The restriction of the Killing form to the Cartan subalgebra is needed.

sl4 > 

sl4 > 

(2.6)

 

Here is the same computation in components.

sl4 > 

 

See Also

DifferentialGeometry

LieAlgebras

Killing

SimpleLieAlgebraData

SimpleLieAlgebraProperties

RootSpaceDecomposition

PositiveRoots

 


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