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JetCalculus[GeneratingFunctionToContactVector] - find the contact vector field defined by a generating function

Calling Sequences

     GeneratingFunctionToContactVector(S)

Parameters

     S         - a Maple expression

 

Description

Examples

Description

• 

 Let π:E → M be a fiber bundle with 1-dimensional fiber and let π1: J1E → M be 1st order jet space of E. In terms of the usual coordinates xi, u, ui on J1E, the contact form on J1E is C = du − uidxi. A vector field X on J1E which preserves the contact form C, in the sense that ℒXC= λ C, is called an infinitesimal contact transformation or a contact vector field. There is a formula which assigns to each locally defined real-valued function S on J1E a contact vector field XS. The function S is called the generating function for the contact vector field XS. In terms of the local coordinates xi, u, ui , we have S = Sxi, u, ui and

XS = −∂S ∂ui ∂  ∂xi + S − ui∂S ∂ui∂  ∂u + ∂S∂xi + ui ∂S∂u∂   ∂ui .

  For further details see P. J. Olver,  Equivalence, Invariants and Symmetry, page 131.

• 

The command GeneratingFunctionToContactVector(S) returns the contact vector field defined by the function S.

• 

The command GeneratingFunctionToContactVector is part of the DifferentialGeometry:-JetCalculus package. It can be used in the form GeneratingFunctionToContactVector(...) only after executing the commands with(DifferentialGeometry) and with(JetCalculus), but can always be used by executing DifferentialGeometry:-JetCalculus:-GeneratingFunctionToContactVector(...).

Examples

> 

with⁡DifferentialGeometry:with⁡JetCalculus:

 

Example 1.

The formula for the contact vector field in terms of the generating function with 1 independent variable.

> 

DGsetup⁡x,u,J11,1:

J11 > 

PDEtoolsdeclare⁡S⁡x,u,u1,quiet

J11 > 

GeneratingFunctionToContactVector⁡S⁡x,u,u1

−Su1⁢D_x+−u1⁢Su1+S⁢D_u+Sx+u1⁢Su⁢D_u1

(2.1)

 

The formula for the contact vector field in terms of the generating function with 2 independent variables.

J11 > 

DGsetup⁡x,y,u,J21,1:

J21 > 

PDEtoolsdeclare⁡S⁡x,y,u,u1,u2,quiet

J21 > 

GeneratingFunctionToContactVector⁡S⁡x,y,u,u1,u2

−Su1⁢D_x−Su2⁢D_y+−u2⁢Su2−u1⁢Su1+S⁢D_u+Sx+u1⁢Su⁢D_u1+Sy+u2⁢Su⁢D_u2

(2.2)

 

The formula for the contact vector field in terms of the generating function with 3 independent variables.

J21 > 

DGsetup⁡x,y,z,u,J31,1:

J31 > 

PDEtoolsdeclare⁡S⁡x,y,z,u,u1,u2,u3,quiet

J31 > 

GeneratingFunctionToContactVector⁡S⁡x,y,z,u,u1,u2,u3

−Su1⁢D_x−Su2⁢D_y−Su3⁢D_z+−u3⁢Su3−u2⁢Su2−u1⁢Su1+S⁢D_u+Sx+u1⁢Su⁢D_u1+Sy+u2⁢Su⁢D_u2+Sz+u3⁢Su⁢D_u3

(2.3)

 

Example 2.

We choose some specific generating functions and calculate the resulting contact vector fields.

J31 > 

ChangeFrame⁡J21:

J21 > 

S≔x+3⁢y:

J21 > 

GeneratingFunctionToContactVector⁡S

x+3⁢y⁢D_u+D_u1+3⁢D_u2

(2.4)
J21 > 

S≔u:

J21 > 

GeneratingFunctionToContactVector⁡S

u⁢D_u+u1⁢D_u1+u2⁢D_u2

(2.5)
J21 > 

S≔a⁢u1+b⁢u2:

J21 > 

GeneratingFunctionToContactVector⁡S

−a⁢D_x−b⁢D_y

(2.6)

 

Example 3.

Check the properties of the vector field X obtained from  S = uuy2.

J21 > 

S≔u⁢u22:

J21 > 

X≔GeneratingFunctionToContactVector⁡S

X≔−2⁢u⁢u2⁢D_y−u⁢u22⁢D_u+u1⁢u22⁢D_u1+u23⁢D_u2

(2.7)

 

X preserves the contact 1-form.

J21 > 

LieDerivative⁡X,Cu

u22⁢Cu

(2.8)

 

X is the prolongation of its projection to the space of independent and dependent variables.

J21 > 

Φ≔ProjectionTransformation⁡1,0

Φ≔x=x,y=y,u=u

(2.9)
J21 > 

Y≔Pushforward⁡Φ,X

Y≔−2⁢u⁢u2⁢D_y−u⁢u22⁢D_u

(2.10)
J21 > 

Y1≔Prolong⁡Y,1

Y1≔−2⁢u⁢u2⁢D_y−u⁢u22⁢D_u+u1⁢u22⁢D_u1+u23⁢D_u2

(2.11)
J21 > 

Y1&minusX

0⁢D_x

(2.12)

 

Example 4.

We use the commands GeneratingFunctionToContactVector and Flow to find a contact transformation.

J21 > 

S≔u12+x2:

J21 > 

X≔GeneratingFunctionToContactVector⁡S

X≔−2⁢u1⁢D_x+−u12+x2⁢D_u+2⁢x⁢D_u1

(2.13)
J21 > 

Φ≔Flow⁡X,t

Φ≔x=−u1⁢sin⁡2⁢t+x⁢cos⁡2⁢t,y=y,u=−u12⁢cos⁡2⁢t⁢sin⁡2⁢t4+t2+u1⁢cos⁡2⁢t2⁢x−x2⁢−cos⁡2⁢t⁢sin⁡2⁢t4+t2+u12⁢−cos⁡2⁢t⁢sin⁡2⁢t4+t2+x2⁢cos⁡2⁢t⁢sin⁡2⁢t4+t2−u1⁢x+u,u1=u1⁢cos⁡2⁢t+x⁢sin⁡2⁢t,u2=u2

(2.14)

 

Check that Φ is a contact transformation.

J21 > 

Pullback⁡Φ,du−u1⁢dx−u2⁢dy

−u1⁢dx−u2⁢dy+du

(2.15)

 

We note that Φ takes on a simple form for t = π4 and that it linearizes the Monge-Ampere equation uxxuyy − uxy2 = 1.

J21 > 

Φ1≔eval⁡Φ,t=π4

Φ1≔x=−u1,y=y,u=−u1⁢x+u,u1=x,u2=u2

(2.16)
J21 > 

Φ2≔Prolong⁡Φ1,2

Φ2≔x=−u1,y=y,u=−u1⁢x+u,u1=x,u2=u2,u1,1=−1u1,1,u1,2=−u1,2u1,1,u2,2=−u1,22u1,1+u2,2

(2.17)
J21 > 

Δ≔Pullback⁡Φ2,u1,1⁢u2,2−u1,22−1

Δ≔−−u1,22u1,1+u2,2u1,1−u1,22u1,12−1

(2.18)
J21 > 

simplify⁡Δ

−u2,2+u1,1u1,1

(2.19)

See Also

DifferentialGeometry

JetCalculus

Flow

LieDerivative

ProjectionTransformation

Prolong

Pullback

Pushforward

AssignVectorType