Integral Calculus - Maple Help
For the best experience, we recommend viewing online help using Google Chrome or Mozilla Firefox.

Online Help

All Products    Maple    MapleSim


Home : Support : Online Help : Mathematics : Calculus : Integration : Integral Calculus

int

definite and indefinite integration

 

Calling Sequence

Parameters

Description

Examples

Details

Calling Sequence

int(expression,x, options)

∫expressionⅆx

int(expression,x=a..b, options)

∫abexpressionⅆx

int(expression, [x, y, ...], options)

∫∫expression⁢ⅆx⁢ⅆy

int(expression, [x = a..b, y = c..d, ...], options)

∫cd∫abexpression⁢ⅆx⁢ⅆy

Parameters

expression

-

algebraic expression; integrand

x, y

-

names; variables of integration

a, b, c, d

-

endpoints of interval on which integral is taken

options

-

(optional) various options to control the type of integration performed. For example, numeric=true will perform numeric instead of symbolic integration. See int/details for more options.

Description

• 

The int(expression, x) calling sequence computes an indefinite integral of the expression with respect to the variable x. Note: No constant of integration appears in the result.

• 

The int(expression, x = a..b) calling sequence computes the definite integral of the expression with respect to the variable x on the interval from a to b.

• 

The int(expression, [ranges or variables]) calling sequence computes the iterated definite integral of the expression with respect to the variables or ranges in the list in the order they appear in the list. Note: The notation int(expression, [x = a..b, y = c..d]) is equivalent to int(int(expression, x = a..b), y = c..d) except that the single call to int accounts for the range of the outer variables (via assumptions) when computing the integration with respect to the inner variables.

• 

You can enter the command int using either the 1-D or 2-D calling sequence.  For example, int(f,x) is equivalent to ∫fⅆx.

• 

If any of the integration limits of a definite integral are floating-point numbers (e.g. 0.0, 1e5 or an expression that evaluates to a float, such as exp(-0.1)), then int computes the integral using numerical methods if possible (see evalf/Int). Symbolic integration will be used if the limits are not floating-point numbers unless the numeric=true option is given.

• 

If Maple cannot find a closed form expression for the integral (or the floating-point value for definite integrals with float limits), the function call is returned.

• 

Note: For information on the inert function, Int, see int/details.

Examples

No constant of integration appears in the result for indefinite integrals.

> 

f≔7⁢x3+3⁢x2+5⁢x:

> 

int⁡f,x

74⁢x4+x3+52⁢x2

(1)
> 

int⁡sin⁡x,x

−cos⁡x

(2)
> 

int⁡xx3−1,x

ln⁡x−13−ln⁡x2+x+16+3⁢arctan⁡2⁢x+1⁢333

(3)
> 

int⁡exp⁡−x2,x

π⁢erf⁡x2

(4)

If Maple cannot find a closed form expression for the integral, the function call is returned.

> 

int⁡exp⁡−x2⁢ln⁡x,x

∫ⅇ−x2⁢ln⁡xⅆx

(5)

Compute definite integrals.

> 

int⁡sin⁡x,x=0..π

2

(6)
> 

int⁡exp⁡−x2⁢ln⁡x,x=0..∞

−π⁢γ4−π⁢ln⁡22

(7)
> 

int⁡exp⁡−x2⁢ln⁡x2,x=0..∞

π5216+γ2⁢π8+γ⁢π⁢ln⁡22+π⁢ln⁡222

(8)

An Elliptic integral

> 

int⁡1sqrt⁡2⁢t4−3⁢t2−2,t=2..3

5⁢EllipticF⁡73,555−5⁢EllipticF⁡22,555

(9)

A double integral

> 

int⁡x⁢y2,x,y

x2⁢y36

(10)
> 

int⁡x⁢y2,x=0..y,y=−2..2

325

(11)

If either of the integration limits are floating-point numbers, then int computes the integral using numerical methods.

> 

int⁡x⁢y2,x=0...y,y=−2.0..2

6.400000000

(12)

An integral with decimal limits using numerical methods:

> 

int⁡xx3+1,x=0.75..1.25

0.2459707569

(13)

To apply symbolic integration methods instead, use numeric=false:

> 

int⁡xx3+1,x=0.75..1.25,numeric=false

−3⁢arctan⁡363−ln⁡136+ln⁡72+3⁢arctan⁡323−ln⁡32

(14)

The option numeric=true or simply numeric may also be used to compute a numerical integral even with exact limits:

> 

int⁡xx3+1,x=34..54,numeric

0.2459707569

(15)

Details

  

For detailed information including:

• 

Numerical integration

• 

Integration involving Units

• 

Handling discontinuities

• 

Series expansions

• 

Integration over a complex interval

• 

Inert form of the int command, Int

  

see the int/details help page.

See Also

convert/rational

diff

evalf/Int

int/details

IntegrationTools

VectorCalculus

VectorCalculus[int]